Parent s Choices Affect Children - 2437 Words

Parent’s Choices Affect Children’s Choices Growing up, there was always a commotion around my house. I grew up with two older brothers that could win a medal for making noise. Despite their uncanny ability to annoy me, I still am very appreciative that I have them. My brothers have been so helpful and have taken care of me my whole life. They have been great examples to me and have taught me so much about life. It’s nice having someone who looks out for you no matter what. They are my lifelong friends that I grew up with just a bedroom away. There are so many inside jokes and we always have a ton of fun, even when we are just hanging around the house. I feel like growing up without them I wouldn’t be the person I am today. Brothers and sisters can have a huge impact on the type of person we grow up to be. I have many friends that are only children, so this makes me wonder- What is it like to be an only child? To begin my research, I looked for direct quote s from only children about what it is like to actually grow up without siblings. I found a quote from a Rolling Stone article called The Private Life of Natalie Portman where Portman said, â€Å"I would have never been an actress if I weren’t an only child, because my parents would never have let me be the star of the family at the expense of another child.† (Heath). This shows that without siblings you would get much more attention from your parents. This could lead to more opportunities because your parents wouldn’t have toShow MoreRelatedChildhood Obesity Is A Growing Epidemic1297 Words   |  6 Pagesone-third of the children there are overweight, and by 2050 that number could rise to an alarming two-thirds (Phillips 2). There are many uncontrollable factors in childhood obesity such as the environment, income and genetics. However, parents are the most overlooked factor. Our children’s futures, with regard to their eating habits, are in the hands of their parents. Ultimately, children grow into adults who make their own choices, but parents can have a positive effect on the children s health in theirRead MoreWhat Is A Leader?1207 Words   |  5 Pageswork. The parent(s). Many forget that leadership begins at home. The most influential time of an individual falls between birth and 5 years old. This makes the parent(s) the most influential person in every individual’s life. Early Psychologists such as Erik Erickson (1963), Jean Paiget (1967) and Abraham Maslow (1970) all stressed the extreme need an infant and toddler have for attachment and environmental support. Everything ranging from the type of housing, presence of the parent(s) and the livingRead MoreEffects Of Parental Investment On Children853 Words   |  4 Pagesinvestment includes any investment by the parent in an individual offspring that increases the offspring’s chances of survival, at the cost of the parent’s ability to invest in other offspring (Travier, 1972). Since investing on themselves is as important as investing on their children, parents have to choose between caring for a child and acquiring the resources needed to insure their own productive and reproductive successes (Turner McAndrew, 2006). Th is choice can be influenced by the social, culturalRead MoreHow Does Divorce Affect Children?1364 Words   |  6 PagesHOW DOES DIVORCE AFFECT CHILDREN? By Angela Russell Suzanne Sutphin Soc201 March 19, 2016 HOW DOES DIVORCE AFFECT CHILDREN Introduction I. Statistics of Divorce A. Divorce rates in early 1900s 1. Reasons for divorce in early 1900s B. Divorce Rate in 2000s 1. Reasons for divorce in 2000s II. How kids handle divorce A. Attitude 1. School life 2. Home life B. Blame 1. One parent vs the other parent 2. Anger III. Helping kids handle the split A. Therapy 1. One on one therapy 2. Family counselingRead MoreThe Social Problems Of Children1652 Words   |  7 Pagesannually. That s more than double what it was in 1992 (Lagorio, 2007). Lawlor and Prothero (2002) cited recent numbers for the spending influence of children up to twelve years in the United States. These children controlled spending of $28 billion in 2000 from their own allowances and earnings, and also they influenced $250 billion of family spending. (Oates, Blades and Gunter, 2003, pg.401). In this paper, it will being explaining what social problems are caused when children are marketed to andRead MoreChildhood Testing For Late Onset Genetic Diseases1634 Words   |  7 Pagesfuture and can strain the relationship between parent and child. Yet, Dena Davis has been criticized for these claims in many publications, including a popular article by Mary Ann Sevick. In this paper, I will argue that children should not be forced to know their fate and show that the critics are not looking at the bigg er picture. Davis recognizes in the first part of the chapter that there are both advantages and disadvantages to having children tested in order to assess their carrier statusRead MoreLow Income And Low Academic Achievement1270 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreLow Income And Low Academic Achievement1270 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreThe Effects Of Low Income On Academic Performance1284 Words   |  6 Pagesworld revolves around money, but it does. Goals in life cannot be taken anywhere without money. Money is the most important thing when it comes to quality education. The children from low income families academic performance is highly affected. Low income families struggle with educating their children. Income and wealth can affect educational outcomes in a number of ways. Income has a direct impact on the affordability and accessibility of those educational services which charge fees or if transportRead MoreHow Broken Homes Affect Teens826 Words   |  4 PagesBroken Homes Affe ct Teens According to statistics 50% of children born to married parents today will experience the divorce of their parents before the age of 18. When parents have a divorce not only does it affect them but it also affects their kids, broken homes is a very big issue. Children have emotional damage and physical damage, this can lead to bad grades or even worse bad health. Children of all ages are affected by a divorce in someway. In 1980-1981 it was proven that children in repeated

Long Term Risk And Reward Missions - 1741 Words

Long term exposure in space poses multiple threats to astronauts who are tasked to complete high risk and reward missions. Some of the most prominent threats include loss of muscle mass, decrease in bone density, and weakening of the immune system. Other dangerous potential effects are alteration in circadian rhythms and exposure to radiation. Each effect either has current treatments, or are currently being researched to discover more effective forms to combat the potential dangers they pose. Since the beginning of time the human body has evolved to adapt to changes in surrounding environment, altering the physical and mental parts of the body. Adapting to changing environments is key to the survival of humans, because without these alterations the human body would become obsolete and left behind. This process of bodily change has not only been demonstrated throughout the history of mankind on Earth, but can also be seen from how the body attempts to change when exposed to foreign e nvironments, like space. Research and evidence from previous space travel expeditions have shown that the human body is subject to change, mostly negative, when exposed to long term space flight. There are multiple effects the body endures during space flight such as muscle atrophy, adjustments in bone structure, decreases in the capability of the immune system, and adjustments in circadian rhythm. For the majority of these adverse effects, research has been conducted to help protect andShow MoreRelatedMission Statement For Rare Promotions796 Words   |  4 PagesContest actively engages our target market with a fun activity since millennials market to millennials by creating creative videos promoting the Point Rewards System and the importance of recycling, for major prizes up to $25k, gift cards, points, and clothing from our sustainable line - huge incentives. This contest solves problems by conveying the rewards associated with the program and the importance of recycling as re cycling is not a huge priority for most millennials. Later, winners also post a videoRead MoreThe Theories And Applications For Different Levels Of Employees973 Words   |  4 Pagesfailure by employees to make good decisions, confront negative news, and make a substantial business case for fast action, and then the HR methods that may have influenced those decisions. The HR procedures should be taken into accounts which include rewards procedures, training procedures, performance management methods, and the hiring system. Objective The chief objective of the research is to identify the trials encountered by the HRD and how to solve those challenges. We will find the nature andRead More12O Clock High1372 Words   |  6 Pagestwo men. The primary causes of the division s transformation under Savage include: • A leader with a vision who can see the bigger picture. • Focusing on critical tasks and not on relationships. • Addressing performance gaps. • Meaningful reward systems and punishments • Instilling a sense of pride and self confidence to the group . Introduction The analysis presented in this paper has been done with an aim to answer one fundamental question: Why did Brigadier Savage succeed in transformingRead MoreNamaste Solar Case Study Essay1037 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is the mission of Namaste Solar? How does the mission reflect the company’s values? Explain. The mission statement of Namaste Solar is â€Å"to propagate the responsible use of solar energy, pioneer, conscientious business practices and create holistic wealth for our community which benefits all stakeholders equally- customers, employees, investors, and the environment.† The mission statement reflects the company’s values because they direct explain how the values or linked the mission statementRead MoreHarper Reiman Inc.1683 Words   |  7 Pagesbusiness solutions, risk management, innovation services and infrastructure consulting. The company grew tremendously with sales in 2013 for $29 million. Harper Reiman designed a payment system where the payment made more into donations in season’s time. There software was sold nationwide. The situation they have is before they begin their expansion they want to evaluate the firm’s financial health. 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Those w ho make it to tomorrow must continue with the mission, even though they may have handled their best friends remains the day before. A supportive leader must acknowledge this hardship and deal with the well fair of the member to push through the mission. This approach is especially important in the military because we often feel like numbers as opposed to people. Leaders, who use this method, developRead Moreâ€Å"Organisations that fail to plan are planning to fail† this quote by Benjamin Franklin can be taken1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthe goals and standards that facilitate control. Finally it further provides a form of competitive advantage over individual and businesses competitors. The most popular ways to describe plans are in terms of their breadth this meaning tactical vs. strategy, time frame either long term or short term plan, specificity this could be directional vs. specific. Finally this last way to describe a plan is frequency of use, which can be for single use vs. standing meaning that the plan would stay implementedRead MoreMission Command Reflection Paper1583 Words   |  7 PagesA Reflection on Mission Command In the early morning hours of 04 June 2010, I was flying high in a C-17 Airforce Aircraft above Fort Bragg, North Carolina. I was fully rigged for a combat equipped parachute jump onto one of Fort Bragg’s drop zone. I was assigned as a platoon sergeant and the senior leader of the squadron reserve force for this mission. The reserve force consisted of twelve paratroopers and three combat loaded humvees ready to be heavy dropped by parachute. The paratroopers andRead MoreSame Risks Of Private Vs Public972 Words   |  4 PagesSame risks in private versus public? Although subtle, differences do exist between publicly traded company and privately held companies. Public companies use the compensation plans as a tool to deliver the â€Å"right† amount of compensation such that it does not lead to unwanted scrutiny, whereas private companies wish to drive value creation. This difference reflects a distinction in the incentives and constraint of their governance structure. Indeed, the board of directors of public companies is composed

Hospitality Industry Products and Process Innovation

Question: Discuss about the Hospitality Industry for Products and Process Innovation. Answer: Introduction According to McManus (2013), with a growth in the population, the Australian hospitality industry makes it to list of fastest growing industries in the world. In addition to offering employment to more than 270,000 residents of the nation It sufficiently contributes to the country`s national revenue. The hospitality industry is mainly divided into three different categories of accommodation, food and tourism sectors. In comparison to the other segments of the hospitality industry, the food market has been effectively providing the crowd with products and services that meet their needs. Business giants successfully capture market opportunities and focus on social welfare at the same time. Also, a continuous development of production techniques allows Australia to diversify in goods. Moreover, the nation marks its way into being among the top ten wine producing countries in the world. Financial reports prove there has been a remarkable increment in the manufacturing of food and beverages (Food Beverage, 2016). Being surrounded by three oceans Australia faces a broad climate difference from the rest of the world which enables a vast range produce. The friendly and the easily adaptable nature of the workforce along with the specialized skills are achieved by the food and beverage industry with the help of the enhanced education and training system implemented by the government. The project takes into consideration a theory of competitive advantage and value change analysis used by business managers to meet their company goals and objectives. Further, the report analyses Sydney`s market competition and studies the menu engineering strategies practiced by food and beverage companies to maximize profits. Also, a detailed study of the business and its relationship with competitive advantage and value change policies has also been included. Competitive advantage and Value chain research In modern business world, profitability of a company greatly depends on an efficient marketing mix and smooth functioning. Despite of a remarkable success of the FB industry the country has recently faced competitions from international markets. As stated by Mabry (2012), the concept of competitive advantage can be defined as the factors that enable a company to manufacture products and services at a comparatively lower price and in a more appealing manner for consumers. A business plan based on such conditions enable a organisation to emerge superior to its rival companies. Typically, the policy of competitive advantage include a array of factors like cost framework, brand royalty, diversification of products, channels of distribution and consumer service. In terms of a sustainable future and an advantage over competitors a firm significantly depends on a strong competitive advantage strategy. The Australian FB industry divides the policy into two types, comparative and differential schemes. On the other hand a value chain analysis refers to extensive activities that a company undergoes to conceive a final product and sell the good to a consumer (Ni Mhurchu, et al. 2013). It is the duty of business managers to study every production step immensely and bring in changes as and when required to lower total production cost and thereby increase profits. Australian leading companies like Fonterra and Lion Nathan distributes the manufacturing procedure into five broad categories each of which provides an opportunity for the firm to maximize capabilities and set up a proportional relationship to competitive advantage. The practice of competitive advantage mix promotes the idea of selling products at a cheap cost to achieve a higher revenue surplus. Residents of Australia aim to maximise utility and cost value of a good. In relation to Weissman (2014), cheap costing substitutes offered by companies attract a wide range of consumers and also eventually meet stakeholder`s expectations. Competition in food and beverage industry (Sydney) The food and beverage industry in the hospitality sector of Australia is one of the most competitive areas. The competition nature of the FB industry in Sydney refers to the dynamic external system in which the organization operates. The competition of the food and beverage industry increases as the number of sellers increases who offers similar kind of goods and services to customers. In Sydney, there are a number of fast food centres for the customers to choose from that enhances the competitiveness in the market. There are two types of competitive nature prevailing in the food and beverage industry of Sydney which are the direct competition and the indirect competition. In the direct competition the competitors offers and sells products and services that are of similar kind. The Parmalat and the Goodman Fielder operates in the direct competitive nature. Confronting to Hollensen (2015), in case of an indirect competitive environment, the competitors of the food and beverage industry in Sydney compete with one another even though they offer different products and services to the customers. The products provided by the competitors are close substitutes for each other which cause the competition as the companies try to retain more of the customers so as to prevent the customers from switching the brand. In the food and beverage industry of Sydney, the companies intend to differentiate the products and services offered by them to increase the sales and revenue of the enterprise. According to Lammers Ryll (2016), the food and beverage sectors retail food and beverage merchandise from the locations that are from the fixed point of sale. The organizations involve the use of specialized equipments such as freezers, refrigerators and other gadgets for the business. Moreover, the staffs of the organization are trained in order to achieve the objective of healthy and safe storage and sanitary conditions. However, the food and beverage industry in Sydney has been facing increased competition and the price pressure in the business. There has been lower shelf price and increase in the price of the commodity experienced by the ingredient suppliers and the food makers in the industry. As per PhiIlipov (2015), the cost challenge is met by the food and beverage firms by achieving a critical mass via consolidation and higher economies of scale. The companies are able to build a stronger position in the competitive market by gaining the leverage. This further helps the company to deal with the high demand of the customers. The food and beverage industry in Sydney serves the needs of the customers through industry specific solutions. The organizations operates in the overall supply chain that includes all the processes from development to delivery. Management of companies innovates and develops the IT system in order to meet the challenges in the competitive market of food and beverage industry in Sydney (Green et al., 2015). Majority of the organizations in the industry uses the ERP system to support the streamline planning, future forecasting and the accounting system to ensure better productivity of the business. Therefore, it can be stated that although the food and beverage industries in Sydney confronts a high competitive nature, it is able to deal with the competitive nature effectively. Value Chain analysis and Competitive Advantage in Australian FB companies According to Soosay, Fearne Dent (2012), the value chain analysis is a tool that is used by the bars and the up-markets in Australia in order to identify the primary and the other organizational activities that help to add values to the finished or the final products of the companies. The value chain analysis contributes to analyzing the actions of the organizations in order to minimize the cost of the products and maximize the product differentiation that is required to sustain in the competitive market. The value chain analysis includes all the internal activities involved in transforming the inputs into desirable outputs. The supply chain of the bars and the upmarket restaurants is an evolving shopping process. The provision of the products and services are regulated by the demand of the products from the customers. It has been mentioned that the chain operates efficiently and there is a proper balance in the ordering of the final product. As stated in Grunert, Traill (2012), factors like product, place, promotion and price or the 4P theory plays a major role in the illustration of these concepts in the bars and upmarket restaurants operating in Australia. The products offered by the firm needs to be developed through strategic ideas such that the customers are able to understand how and when to spend the money. Therefore, the menu needs to be designed based on the customer wants and this can be effectively achieved through proper market research. The price of the products set by the bars and the upmarket needs to be competitive and within the affordable range of the customers. As per Ho, Yang Hung (2015), customers prefer good quality food within the nominal budget. Therefore, the companies need to develop products that are cost effective to reduce the price of the outputs. Choosing the correct place with a view of selling the products has to be decided correctly. The products need to be sold in the areas in larger amount where the number of the potential customers is high. A menu of the restaurants must be set based on the taste, preference, and culture of the clients in the particular place. The primary objective of advertisement and promotion is to reach out to more customers by making them aware of the products and the services offered by the organizations (Cadez Guilding, 2012). Effective promotion can lead to increase in the sales and revenue of the bars and upmarket restaurant in Australia. Firms like Lion, Dick Smith Ltd and De Bortoli emphasize the implementation of well organized promotional techniques to attract customers. Large corporations enjoy a broad range of competitive advantage over their rivals. Also, it with high skilled management and a enlargement of restaurant chains Attica and Bills effectively add value to their brands. The success of a beverage company depends heavily on a theory of VC analysis. Being among the leading exporters of wines, Australian companies are significantly influenced by the international market. A fluency of communication between several high turnover companies enables domestic firms to increase managerial efficiency and lea rn about new production techniques. According to Hatch Howland (2015), it is the people of the nation who benefit the most from the extensive competition within brands. On the other hand mediocre companies like Mars and Bindaree Beef focus more on the process of outbound logistics. Delivering of goods, pricing and after sales service are of great importance to them. While, Nelson Wines, Treasury Estates, Casella and several other high yielding beverage companies harness the theory of Economic Moat. Furthermore, in recent years the wine industry has presented a significant rise with an export of 263ml of high quality wine mainly to UK (Piankova, 2014). Menu Engineering Australian FB brands discreetly analyse the popularity of their offered products and arrange them accordingly for a better profit generation. The strategy of menu engineering is practised by companies with a simple goal to maximise annual turnover. A well organised arrangement of food and beverage items can escalate a restaurant`s profits by 10%-15% on a daily basis. According to Theng Loo (2012), it is the duty of a brands management to study the customer demands and execute changes when requires. Typically the process of menu-engineering is divided into four segments of costing, categorizing, designing and testing. Australian restaurants primarily focus on the preliminary step of product costing to attract customers. In adherence to Linassi, Alberton Marinho (2016), it can be seen most of the FB companies do not carry the costing of their menu effectively. Categorizing of items on the menu and an attracting design are equally important to conduct a well-developed menu construction . Finally, company supervisors test the customers response to the newly implemented menu. With the help of popularity information of the several offered products, managers subdivide the menu into four different segments of horse (highly popular with small profits), star (high revenue from increased popularity), dog (less popular resulting low yield) and puzzle (large earnings from shallow popularity). Also, upmarket restaurants and bars in Australia feed on the peoples psychology and an efficient management system to build up an active menu order. FB industry giants emphasize the need for carrying out the process of menu-engineering by a single person who is always in contact with the visitors and energetically take part in company decisions. A successful designing and exercising of this strategy enhances cost minimisation and thereby affects profit ratio. According to Reale Flint (2016), in addition to an immense study of customer behaviours and their different buying patterns, supervisors often seek the help of restaurant specialists and menu advisors when it comes to designing and promoting of the menu card. The removing of currency signs as a prefix to product process in one of the advancement that provoked better earnings. Often restaurants invoke the need for a better promotion by introducing combo plans and highlighting items that need to be sold most in the menu. Moreover, the presentation element also plays a vital role in affecting a consumer`s decision. As opined by Smith Pititto (2014), increased visual, alignment of prices and a diversification of designing patterns are some of the important factors that influence visitors. Menu card as such of Fonterra and Accolade Wines act as examples to other food and beverage companies and also have proved a noticeable increment of 60% profit margin. In addition, the concepts of Happy Hours and House Specials have sufficiently gained a better reaction of the Australian people (Guy, 2016). Further, an inclusion of product description creates an increased hunger and desire. The prosperity of a company greatly depends on a restaurants or bar s ability to understand the feedbacks of their targeted customers and undergo changes as and when required. According to Lang Heasman (2015), flexibility in production pricing and adaptability to the environment greatly affects profitability of a firm. Analysing the current situation of the Australian market, organisations need to work in a more efficient way to a secure a more sustainable future and to gain a better competitive advantage. Conclusion The food and beverage industry form a major part of the Australian market concerning investments. Since the development and introduction of new policies and strategies by the government and companies, the nation's FB industry has proved to offer tempting long-term returns with a comparatively less amount of risk than other industry segments. Along with stability, companies in this industry are highly creative in nature. A constant evolution of products, pricing and marketing strategies provide brands with a sense of competitive advantage. Furthermore, the study of value chain structure and its implication by restaurants and bars provides a better growth opportunity for business firms. Australia being a developed country and highly adaptive in nature faces an immense competition at the international as well as domestic levels. The restaurants deal in the same line of product and often in order to attract more customers focus on developing best quality substitute goods. From the above report, it can be inferred that for a sustainable future organizations need to continuously keep an eye for undertaking new developments in the functioning. Business giants in addition to fulfilling revenue requirements also put a spotlight on attending to societal welfare. Being among the top ten exporters of wine, the government of the country takes deep interest in providing beverage companies with a number of facilities to gain better knowledge about the taste and preferences of the world. Analyzing the Australian FB industry and intensely studying its determinants it can be concluded that with an effective managerial efficiency and a practice of menu-engineering brands aim to accomplish the target of becoming the worlds one of the most dominating and influential sectors. References Cadez, S., Guilding, C. (2012). Strategy, strategic management accounting and performance: A configurational analysis.Industrial Management Data Systems,112(3), 484-501. doi:10.1108/02635571211210086 Food Beverage. (2016).Foodmag.com.au. Retrieved 5 September 2016, from https://foodmag.com.au/ Green, R., Agarwal, R., Brown, P. J., Bajada, C., Shashnov, M. (2015). Innovation Capability and the Food Beverage and agri-business sectors. Grunert, K. G., Traill, B. (2012).Products and process innovation in the food industry. Springer Science Business Media. Guy, S. (2016). Wine australia: Exporting australian fine wine to the world.Wine Viticulture Journal,31(1), 9. Hatch, N. W., Howland, C. (2015, January). When Does Competitive Advantage Improve Customer Welfare?. InAcademy of Management Proceedings(Vol. 2015, No. 1, p. 18091). Academy of Management. Ho, C. T. B., Yang, J. M. D., Hung, C. S. V. (2015). The Factors of Information System Success: An Example of Customer Relationship Management Implementation in Food Beverage Industry.International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning,5(3), 114. Hollensen, S. (2015).Marketing management: A relationship approach. Pearson Education. Lammers, J. L. C., Ryll, K. (2016). Brand New Food-Brand Positioning of Entrepreneurial Innovation: A Multiple Case Study in the Food Industry. Lang, T., Heasman, M. (2015).Food wars: The global battle for mouths, minds and markets. Routledge. Linassi, R., Alberton, A., Marinho, S. V. (2016). Menu engineering and activity-based costing: an improved method of menu planning.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,28(7). Mabry, L. (2012). competitive advantage.Knowledge Quest,40(3), 66 McManus, L. (2013). Customer accounting and marketing performance measures in the hotel industry: Evidence from Australia.International Journal of Hospitality Management,33, 140-152. Ni Mhurchu, C., Vandevijvere, S., Waterlander, W., Thornton, L. E., Kelly, B., Cameron, A. J.INFORMAS. (2013). Monitoring the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods and nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ alcoholic beverages in community and consumer retail food environments globally.Obesity Reviews,14(S1), 108-119. doi:10.1111/obr.12080 PhiIlipov, M. (2015). Food TV: An effective strategy for food and beverage marketing?Food Australia,67(4), 31-34. Piankova, O. (2014). food and beverage brand development: Global trends and directions for ukraine.Economics Sociology,7(2), 149. Reale, S., Flint, S. W. (2016). The impact of menu label design on visual attention, food choice and recognition: An eye tracking study: FOOD CHOICE.Journal of Sensory Studies,31(4), 328-340. doi:10.1111/joss.12216 Smith, L., Pititto, T. (2014). M and A activity in the food and beverage sector.Food Australia,66(4), 24-27. Soosay, C., Fearne, A., Dent, B. (2012). Sustainable value chain analysis-A case study of Oxford Landing from vine to dine.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(1), 68-77. Theng Loo, P. (2012).Food and beverage management for the hospitality, tourism and event industriesTaylor Francis Group. doi:10.1080/13032917.2012.664067 Weissman, A. (2014). What fuels australian ambition? food.Travel Weekly,73(3), 12.

Working in partnership free essay sample

There are different philosophies and concepts of how to work in partnership in health and social care practices. Empowerment: this means to allow the patients to speak up about the care they want to receive or if they would rather some other care, if the patient can’t speak you allow them to be able to write down what they want and think about the care plan and enable them to self-medicate. Team working or division of labour: this can help make work easy if health workers work together to achieve the same goal, value each other’s opinion and share the work load so it makes it easy for everyone working. Equality: treat everyone equal, be respectful to all service users and listen to each other. Shared decision making: allowing patients to make decision about the care they want to receive. The government sets legislations that give a clear guideline to healthcare setting managers no how to develop policies for effective partnership working. We will write a custom essay sample on Working in partnership or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Not following the acts set by the government can lead to prosecution and cost the healthcare setting a lot of money. The Anti-Discrimination Act 1999 defines how to practice care without discriminating, while protecting service users from discrimination because of their sex, age, gender and so on: for example if a gay patient walk into the hospital wanting care, they have the right to be treated fairly regardless of the health worker personal believes about gay people. Human Rights Act 1998 defines people’s human rights: for example if a female Muslim patient wants to be seen by a woman doctor rather than a male doctor, the health care settings has to respect her religious believes and get her a female doctor, in do so they are effectively following the Act. Primary care trust is made up of walk in centres, dentists, GPs and so on (funded by local council), secondary care trust is made of the A+E and hospitals and so on. Unfortunately patients have come to secondary care trusts for care, when they could have went to primary care trust as a result the government has had to review the Health and Social Care Act 2012 and after the review they have decided to combine primary care trusts and secondary care trusts to save the government money. Differences in healthcare emerge from lack of knowledge, different religious believes, deference in culture, different culture, age gaps, healthcare practices not being trusted maybe because of lack of care in the practice and so on. The Data Protection Act 1984 is meant to make sure personal information is kept private and accessed by the right staff: if a patient’s medical history was assessed by the wrong person or if the health worker was to discuss it with people that don’t need to know the history this can lead to differences between the patient and doctor or the practice, this would be a break of confidently. Protection from Harassment act 1997 is meant to make sure services users are not to be troubled, tormented, pushed or touched inappropriately by other services users: for example if a manager was treating a health worker because they refuse to go out with them, this can lead to differences in the practice. To avoid problems like these in healthcare settings, service users have to be treated fairly, equally, listened to and work together. Working in Partnership free essay sample Working in partnership in health and social care sector is seen as an effective and embracing strategy for the successful delivery of services for the service providers as well as the service users. According to Glendinning et al. (2002, p. 3), and Sullivan and Skelcher (2002), partnership working would involve at least two agencies with common interests of interdependencies and require a degree of trust, equality, a shared responsibility and an intention to deliver benefits or added values which could not have been achieved by a sole agency acting alone. Therefore, in this essay various concepts for building effective partnership relationships to achieve positive outcomes will be discussed in detail. LO1 There are 6 different philosophies generally acknowledged and aspired to be fulfilled in health and social care partnership working which are as explained below. At first, Autonomy is conceptualised as ‘self-determination in health care ethics, which means if a person is autonomous, he or she can make own decisions regarding treatment and care’ (Widdershoven and Abma, 2012, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Working in Partnership or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 217). Independence indicates playing self-governing roles around everything to do with oneself (Beales and Platz, 2008). For instance, allowing an elderly client to conduct easy daily tasks on her own and waiting till the completion of task can promote an independent achievement of the service user. At third, making informed choices implies ‘building up a picture of the available options, and understandable, relevant and high-quality information to compare the advantages and disadvantages of each for decision-making’ (Ovretveit, 1996; Rosen et al. , 2005, p. 8). In order to facilitate utmost choice from the service user side, the information given from the service provider should include what, where, when and how things can be done. Furthermore, empowerment is about ‘enabling people to take control over their lives through choices and be as independent as possible’ (Rasheed et al. , 2010, p, 24). As an important concept in the partnership relationships between the service providers and users, empowering clients could leads them to an achievement of autonomy, independence and making choices in their life. For instance, giving information and possible treatment options and arranging regular health check-ups at a GP for a patient and a family member would allow the patient to organise proper dietary plan and take right dose of medication at right time with an assistance of family members and a home carer. It may also bring a more independent and autonomous self-image to the patient about him or herself, and a stronger responsibility of own health condition through self decision-making process under the empowerment philosophy. At fifth, in the service user and provider relationships respect can be described ‘as a set of attitudes and behaviours displayed towards an individual or group which demonstrates politeness and consideration’ (NHS Dorset and Dorset County Council, 2009, p. 4). The feeling of being respected could be achieved for instance, when service user’s wish, interests and personal values are prioritised in care provision, and when there is an active service user inclusion in decision-making regarding to service provision. Finally, power sharing is seen as ‘sharing of government responsibility and political co-operation between the two partners’ (Gottlieb et al. , 2005, p. 8). Specifically, among health and social care service professionals and providers, power sharing may be the prerequisite factor to develop a collaborative partnership relationship. For instance, when two different professionals, such as carers and nurses, work together in a team as a form of partnership work, certain responsibilities in professional conduct or perspectives could differ from each other. In this case, these two different parties should reach to an agreement of shared objectives within the team in relation to work delegation balancing the possession of power, and be open to constructive feedback and ideas through developing a frank partnership relationship (Department of Health (DH), 2004). There are three different levels of partnership relationships, which are firstly, between the service users and service providers, secondly, among the health care and social care service professionals, and thirdly, among the health and social care organisations. In the case of the service user provider partnership relationship, there are several factors to consider in order achieving positive outcomes, and these positive outcomes may be linked to the accomplishment of user’s needs. Therefore, in the partner relationship, understanding and fulfilling the specific needs of the service users are critical. For instance, by using a person-centred approach, a social worker could learn about a particular client as a whole through effective communication, and customise certain healthcare and social services according to the preference and wish of the client. This process would increase satisfaction and contribution level of the user as he or she and the social worker cooperatively produce service plan, and after all, it could lead to positive partnership relationship. Secondly, among the various health and social care professionals, their skills and abilities of working within a team may be the fundamental factor to maintain an effective partnership. Different professionals, such as nurses, carers, social workers and physiotherapist have their own specialty and knowledge in particular areas. In order to pool their different skills, abilities and commitment, they need to be open to exchange ideas, encompass diverse professional areas, and clearly define work responsibilities (Greig and Poxton, 2001). For instance, when I was volunteering in a nursing home for the elderly, every staff who works in a team had to attend at meetings before and after they provide daily service. Throughout the team meeting, each professional was able to share necessary information and audit each other’s given duties within their work roles in order to achieve team goals which eventually link to the improved service quality. As collaborative partners, each one had to make own contribution to the team performance, and when one does not achieve individual task, another member of the team became a mentor to advise and pull the potential ability by motivating the colleague. Thirdly, among health and social care organisations or agencies, successful partnership relationship may rely on various factors, such as understanding organisational cultures and behaviours, integrated objectives and policy making, agreement over the use of pooled resources and performance audit arrangement (Poxton, 2004). Partner healthcare organisations, for instance, a GP and secondary care trust, will have to delegate work roles and functions to each other by developing an integrated policy framework over the use of funds and arrangement to transfer patients from one to another organisation without delay of service. -Words count 954- LO2 There are 4 different types of partnership working models found in health and social care settings, which are (1) integrated model, (2) coordinated model, (3) coalition model, and (4) hybrid model. Firstly, the integrated model indicates structurally unified health and social care services which deliver seamless service provision to the public (Scottish Office, 1997, p. 2), and is found in Northern Ireland NHS. In this model, there is one single Trust which governs and provides both health and social care services therefore, service provision is well-organised through the close partnership between health care and social care professionals under one unified and agreed objectives and policy framework. As advantages of this model compared to the other models, service users could be transferred to one service (health care) to another (social care) at right time without delay and possibly less blame culture between the two parties exists. Nevertheless, partnership working between NHS and social care sector in this model raises a concern of a loss of control and power over the resource distribution in social care side due to health care system priorities (Carnwell and Buchana, 2004). Secondly, in the coordinated model, each health care, social care and many other organisations are functionally independent, autonomous and specialised in certain area but they coordinate to reduce any possible gaps within the service provisions, and there is no single authority to govern overall system, such as England NHS (Douglas, 2009). On one hand, compared to the integrated model, this model could advantage of balanced power sharing between different agencies and a system of pooled funds can take place which may lead to fair resource distribution due to health and social care divide. On the other hand, there could be duplication of health or social care service provision and time delay in the transfer of one service to another for the patients. Thirdly, coalition model refers to a collaboration taking place among various professionals or agencies in their own self-interest, but to achieve mutual targets for a common cause (Coalition of Care and Support Providers in Scotland, 2012). This is also called as a joint action which partners share information, skills and resources for a certain period of time till each entity accomplishes their mutual targets. Unlike to the integrated model, each health care and social care agency has separate roles and responsibilities, developed under respective organisational policies except for the overlapping areas where collaboration with another agency are necessarily required. Finally, hybrid model is the mixture form of the other three models discussed above. This model extracts advantageous features from each partnership relationship models and seeks for appropriate degree of partner-relationships in order to minimise limitations of each models. Therefore, it has similarities and dissimilarities compared to the other different models. Current Acts, policies and practices of organisation for partnership working entail more or less the same purpose and requirements to the health and social care professionals and organisations to conform to certain guidelines. In other words, organisational policies and standards of professional conducts are actually in line with the context of legislative frameworks. The Health and Social Care Act 2012 (DH, 2012) outlines the reform plan of NHS system which is the replacement of Primary Care Trusts (PCTs) and their roles to clinical commissioning groups, who are GPs and other clinicians, to allow greater accountability for using local resources efficiently under the support of NHS Commissioning Board. This Act aims at integrated and more accessible service provision placing the need of local people and patient in the centre, which would reduce unnecessary costs and time consumed during the administration work. Secondly, the Equality Act 2010 (The National Archives, 2010) protects people who have different characteristics on the ground of disability, race, marriage status, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation from being discriminated in the case of employment, perception, association, payment, access to health care and social services and so on. Accordingly, in the organisational policies and practices, these legislations are implemented as guidelines for the professionals to produce effective partnership work. For instance, as a self-commissioning body, the practitioners of local clinics would assess the health care needs of the population and delegate necessary services to other health care organisations as they develop mutual organisational policy frameworks. Also, service providers of nursing homes would respect religious and cultural diversity of the service users and adopt an equal approach towards the disabled people as a good organisational practice. In a partnership relationship, each professional and agency should agree and develop a partnership-based approach toward their joint-work (Dalrymple and Burke, 2006). If there are different terms and conditions applied to the joint services, it could hinder different professionals to act as a team and the smooth delivery of service to be in place. When there are differences in work practice in the partnership relationship of two separate GPs, they could simply encounter a number of conflicting situations resulting in onfusion to the patients. For instance, one patient who has complex needs to be dealt with various health and social care professionals, such as home carers and district nurses, for different services could experience repeated assessment process to identify what service was already given by other service provider, and it may be hard to achieve consistent and integrated service provision. When complaints arise, both carer and nurse could blame for the dissatisfaction of t he patient to the other partner as well. Similarly, absence of integrated policy in the different agencies could cause difficulties to equally pool and share resources, and achieve equal power-sharing among professionals because when there is no guideline or policy regulating partnership work standard, one party who has more power is likely to monopolise the resources, and therefore successful partnership relationship cannot be achieved. Words count 953- LO3 In partnership working, there are various possible outcomes that could be generated in each partnership relationship levels. Firstly, from the service user side, possible positive and negative outcomes could be increased chances to make informed choices and improved quality of life, but there could be abuse, confusion caused by miscommunication or information overload, and neglect. For instance, when an elderly client is cared by nurses or carers who have ability to share information and knowledge regarding the medical condition of client, such as what dietary plan should be followed and the cause of certain symptoms the client suffers, and it would lead the client to change some diet habits and make right choices. Through the professional engagement with informative knowledge, the life of client could be much more supported and improved. Whereas, as this relationship involves external service providers rather than family carers, there is a chance of any form of abuse to take place if the positive and healthy relationship are not built between the client and professionals. Also, excessive advice given from different professionals that may be incompatible with each one could cause confusion to the client. In the case where the health care and social divide takes place, there is a possibility for service providing professionals to deny own accountability and blame other parties if there are complaints raised in the process of transfer, and f this situation continues, the client could be neglected rather than placed in the centre of the service. Secondly, among different health and social care professionals the positive outcomes could be the increased reciprocity or support as each professional can make contribution that complements each other’s skills, and therefore prevented mistakes, and coordinated service pro vision but as negative outcomes time wasting and miscommunication could be listed. As different professionals work as a partner or a team, each member of the team could pool strengths on skills and abilities to support another member of the professionals, and it could lead to reduced mistakes as each member monitor and complement weakness of other professionals. In the domiciliary care setting, a nurse and a carer can schedule certain tasks, for instance, changing bandages on the wound of the client from a nurse side, and it can be communicated to a carer such as not to contact water or apply medication cream on that area as a coordinated service. However, when an integrated service is required from different professionals in order to produce a care plan, different professionals would have to receive information about the result of assessment and produce work based on an agreed time scale, however, if one party does not perform the duty on time, the other party is likely to waste time and the integrated service provision could be delayed. Finally, in a partnership relationship among organisations, integrated service provision, the expansion of service domain and increased available resources can be the positive outcomes, but disjointed work, loss of shared purpose and blame-culture followed are the negative outcomes. For instance, if two GPs in different district work collaboratively providing coordinated service, they would pool resources such as funds and capabilities for greater purpose for the both parties to meet their self-interests as well as common purpose, and they could stretch their client group by encompassing more patients from the other areas. On the other hand, when the two service providers do not agree with mutual outcomes to be achieved and rather focus on their own self-benefits, the joint work could easily collapse in the middle of partnership work and they could end up with blaming each other. Further potential barriers in the health and social care service partnership could be lack of communication, absence of information sharing, and different priorities and values. In my experience, if carers face emergent situation in one client’s house or when there is traffic congestion, the next visit to the second client can be delayed therefore, carers normally inform the office manager or coordinator to make notification to the client. However, when the carer reaches to the client, it was often found that the client had not been informed about the delay and as a result, the client was feeling frustrated due to the absence of message delivery in communication process between the service provider and the user. Similarly, absence of information sharing could lead to duplication of the service provision to the service users. In some cases, due to an absence of collaborative work practice, policy and patronising attitude towards other professional partner, based on their vocational status or position, could be the cause of not sharing critical information for the service provision. Also, having different priorities and organisational or personal values could cause disagreement over collaborative work and lead negative outcomes to be generated. Therefore, to generate positive outcomes, as mentioned in the philosophies of working in partnership, service providers must preserve autonomy of service users and empower them as much as they can in order to prevent any abuse, neglect and confusion from taking place, and discreetly select communication mechanisms and comprehensible terms to avoid miscommunication as well as information overload. Moreover, among different professionals and service providing organisations, to equip with professional approach by considering each partner as an equal entity and coordinate comprehensive service delivery devised by organised communication schemes and common work practice in terms of information sharing, converging different priorities and values, and audit partners’ performance would be the fundamental strategies to achieve positive outcomes in the health and social care settings.

Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy free essay sample

Liberty University Summary In the article titled â€Å"Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy†, a discussion arises about the incorporation of scripture and prayer into the practice of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive-behavioral therapy is widely supported by empirical evidence for treatment in a wide variety of psychological disorders (Tan, 2007, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 01). The article discuses how to approach biblical Christian values in therapy and how to incorporate those approaches into CBT. Tan discusses the history of behavioral therapy throughout the years and the two main components of mindfulness. The two components of mindfulness include self regulation of attention and adopting a specific orientation (Tan, 2007). Tan then describes eight key features of a biblical Christian approach to CBT. The key features of this biblical approach include: agape love; unresolved past issues; spiritual meaning; the use of biblical truth when approaching organic problems; Holy Spirit’s discernment in bringing about healing; make use of community resources; use techniques that are biblical; use research before making definitive statements about the superiority of CBT (Tan, 2007, p. 102). Tan goes onto describe the two types of integration: explicit and implicit. Explicit integration deals with spiritual or religious issues in therapy, and uses spiritual resources in the therapeutic process (Tan, 2007, p. 68). Implicit integration does not incorporate religious or spiritual aspects into the therapeutic process. Tan describes his approach as explicit and has used this approach to reach a clientele with problems that include: phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety disorders, stress, burnout, anger control problems, marital and family problems, adjustment disorder, depression , bipolar disorder, epilepsy, pain, hypertension, and religious conflicts and issues (Tan, 2007). Tan goes onto explain how he assesses whether an individual will benefit from the use of prayer and scripture in therapy. In 1992 Tan developed a seven step model that has played an integral part in the healing of his clients. Tan believes that the model can be modified when necessary but that prayer and scripture cannot be used for clients that are psychotic or severely disturbed. The rest of the article explains subtle ways in which Tan incorporated biblical aspects into the therapy session. He notes that the appropriate use of Scripture in a Christian approach to CBT from a counselor who is sensitive to the needs of the client can benefit Christian clients through the use of scripture and prayer in the therapeutic process (Tan, 1996). In closing Tan states that prayer and scripture can be effective in a Christian approach to CBT and should be used when clients give informed consent for such an approach to be taken. Interaction My initial response to this article was finally. Finally Christians are developing empirically supported studies that support the notion of prayer, scripture and biblical aspects into the treatment process. This study I believe will open many doors to effective treatment and also help with people in their reconciliation with the Lord. I was happy knowing that this author stepped out of the box and approached this issue that has been traditionally overlooked by the scientific community. As believers we understand that truth comes from the Lord and that scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness 2 Timothy 3: 16. Hebrews 4: 12 states â€Å"For the word of God is living and active. Sharper than any double-edged sword, it penetrates even to dividing soul and spirit, joints and marrow; it judges the thoughts and attitudes of the heart†. From this passage we can see that God’s word brings life and can break down the many barriers we put up. As counselors we come into contact with many people who are burdened, unhappy, and ultimately broken. We need to incorporate scripture into every aspect of our lives especially when dealing with broken people. Psalm 147:3 says â€Å"He heals the brokenhearted and binds up their wounds†. As counselors we can do our best to help our clients but ultimately God is the sole comforter and healer and we need to call upon him when serving the broken world. Understanding the importance of incorporating scripture and prayer has lead me to gain further understanding into this field and thus has encouraged me to expand my knowledge. I believe the design of the study was appropriate and has offered some great insight into the world of therapy with the incorporated Christian approaches. I do believe however that further investigations must be considered and further research and study will prove to be beneficial as this approach is fairly new to the scientific community. Application As a once broken individual myself I have first-hand knowledge of the importance of prayer and scripture in the healing process. It was only in communication with the Lord that I heard of his love and plans for my life. As I meditated on scripture I became more Christ like and began to feel his word breathe life into my broken soul. As a future counselor I believe it is important that I incorporate God, prayer, scripture, and biblical principles into all aspects of my life, including the counseling session. I truly believe that God will use me as a channel to serve between the healer and the broken. And it is with this concept in mind that I will seek the Holy Spirits wisdom and discernment in every counseling session. In order to remain culturally sensitive one must obtain consent from the patient in order to gain the right to incorporate scripture and prayer into the therapeutic relationship. Once consent is gained I would start the session with prayer asking for me to be sensitive to hear God’s voice and for the Holy Spirit to lead the therapy process as well as open the patient to healing and comfort. Above all I would pray that God’s love may be felt in the therapeutic relationship and that he fill me with his love for this client. I would also offer any scriptural references that can be beneficial in helping the client overcome their struggle as well as offer any other resources in the community that may be helpful. I will ask the client to meditate on the truth gained from scripture until our next session. I would close the session with a prayer of thanksgiving for what is revealed and the truth that can be found in God that will set us free from the troubles of this world. References The Holy Bible NIV. Tan, S. , Y. (2007). Use of prayer and scripture in cognitive-behavioral therapy. Journal of Psychology and Christianity, Vol. 26, No. 2, 101-111. Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy free essay sample Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive-Behavior Therapy can be found in the Journal of Psychology and Christianity. The author, Stan Yang-Tan, covers the apposite use of applying prayer and scripture to the 30-year-old process of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) (p. 101). With an array of psychological disorders, the availability of treatments is generous. However, CBT is methodically supported for the treatment of many psychological disorders. Through a purposeful integration of morality, Yang-Tan illustrates the life-changing power of prayer and scripture in Christian CBT. This article provides a momentous synopsis of behavioral therapy that consists of three major waves, traditional behavior therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and relatively contextualistic approaches (p. 101). The third wave of contextualistic approaches encompasses Acceptance Commitment Therapy, Mindfulness Based Congitive Therapy, and Dialectical Behavior Therapy. Therefore, the expansion of CBT generates a projected mindfulness and acceptance through a two-component model. Yang-Tan proposes the two-component model of mindfulness, implicates self-controlled concentration on present conditions and espousing a distinctive orientation through openness, curiosity, and acceptance. We will write a custom essay sample on Use of Prayer and Scripture in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The author illustrates how CBT can be combined with the prayer and scriptural truth in effort to produce lifelong benefits, particularly for spiritual clients. However, making an irrefutable declaration about the advantage of CBT should include implementing a self-developed biblical model comprised of a process based on spiritual emphasis and influence. A counselor who adopts this model can integrate the reliability on the Holy Spirit through the approach of implicit or explicit integration in therapeutic circumstances. The appropriate use of the healing power of prayer and the intervention of scripture can be an effective part of CBT. Prayer and Scripture will therefore be key factors in this therapeutic process of healing and recovery. Reflection My initial reaction to the use of scripture and prayer in CBT was how necessary Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) must be for complete and effective treatment within CBT. Both of these treatments are rooted in Christian spirituality and allow the client to recognize their current circumstances and develop an outlook that will help keep an open and focused mind on results. Through the approaches of ACT and MBCT, prayer and scripture inevitably follow as a source of methodological rigor. Prayer is simply talking to God and is therefore a means of communication. Praying on behalf of another person or self (Intercessory prayer), praying in meditation (Contemplative Prayer), and praying specifically and listening and awaiting God’s response (Inner Healing Listing Prayer) are beneficial to the use of prayer in treatment. The Bible is the greatest example of God’s powerful words. Scripture offers comfort, clarity, correction, character change, cleansing, conviction, and healing (p. 108). For clients who trust in God’s word as the ultimate authority, it is imperative to assess the purpose and objective for using scripture. Knowing what God has to say about a client’s circumstances vs. what the client’s faith or church has to say forms cognitive thinking within the client. By referring biblical teachings and truths, the client can learn how to restructure flawed rational and irrational beliefs that do not support the efficiency of Christian approaches. The concept of ACT and MBTC is such a compelling method of treatment and respectfully governs the character for the therapist or counselor. Understanding how prayer and scripture affects the lives of clients will provide a strong foundation for counsel. Clients will not only understand how to personally apply prayer and scripture on a daily basis, but most importantly, worship God. My interest in researching how to Implicitly Integrate prayer and scripture in therapy peaked upon realizing the explicit integration appears to be more approachable. I do not want to limit my own competency, nor the benefit of the client. Gaining knowledge and skill in applying a method that is not as commonly used as Explicit Integration Therapy opens the window to use subtle biblical emphasis without the client feeling bombarded or perturbed. Application In a counseling career, I intend to rely on God as the sole means for guidance and understanding from the author of understanding, guidance, and counseling. Although I plan to use more explicit integration, I will always start the session with a new client by assessing the client and determining the necessity of prayer and scripture. Upon establishing the history, faith, spiritual practices, problems, and goals, I will take into account all information, and choose an approach suitable for the client. Although prayer and scripture offer healing and understanding, it is not necessary to use in each session. I would love to openly offer to use prayer and scripture through Explicit Integration, as this method is more aligned with direct healing and application from God. I want to help identify the exact needs of clients and seek the supplemental scripture to help work through the given circumstances. For instance, a client may need to find the balance of taking care of their personal life and own wellbeing versus meeting all of the needs of their family. God’s word tells us in Jeremiah 29:11, â€Å"I know the plans I have for you, plans not to harm you, but to give you hope and a future†. Prayer and meditation (Contemplative Prayer) on God’s word fills the mind with God’s enduring love and constant reminder of His grace, mercy and encouragement. The more cognizant I can help the client become of God’s word, the more transformed and renewing of the mind will take place. Jesus’ love light will begin to form changes and the client will soon witness the power of Jesus Christ in their circumstances and the proactive change that took place.

How would an audience respond to An Inspector Calls in performance Essays

How would an audience respond to An Inspector Calls in performance Essays How would an audience respond to An Inspector Calls in performance Paper How would an audience respond to An Inspector Calls in performance Paper Essay Topic: Literature An Inspector Calls is a typical play of the late 19th/early 20th century period. It explores in depth what hides behind the respectable front of a middle class family. This type of play was most probably written originally for the working class. I do not think it would have gone down very well with the middle class because the play uncovers the unpleasant truths of combining too much money with lots of free time. This results in controversial behaviour consisting of drunkenness, adultery and theft which are all portrayed in An Inspector Calls. An audience would enjoy An Inspector Calls because seeing the elite of society having their reputation and lives disgraced would fill them with gratification that money and power does not always bring happiness. It would also make the audience be grateful for what they have, even if it is just a simple, honest life. Generally, people watching this play in theatre would probably feel sorrow for the family and especially characters like Sheila and Eric who were obviously very shaken up by the whole ordeal. The story reflects, to an extent a melancholy atmosphere and I feel an audience would probably become very understanding and show compassion for the characters. This would be brought out more in the theatre because the atmosphere is charged and the audience is allowed to let their emotions run free. At the beginning of the play the family are all in a pleasant frame of mind. They are all in evening dress, which signifies they are all of middle class- [Act 1 scene directions] All five are in evening dress of the period. The family members are very sure of themselves and act confidently around each other at the beginning. The Birlings and Gerald are drinking port and are taking advantage of having their parlourmaid, Edna, on hand- Giving us the port, Edna? . The audience will gain from this the impression that the Birlings are rather dependent on their servants. There is an excited atmosphere at the beginning of the play due to the engagement of Gerald and Sheila. This would reflect upon the audience, making them eager to see what lies in the future for the family. When Birling starts to talk about a possible merge with Crofts Limited the audience realizes that he is very enthusiastic about his business and is also quite selfish because even though he makes out the most important thing is the happiness of Gerald and Sheila, he is just interested in making a profit with a business merge. The audiences opinion of him will deteriorate even more when they hear the way he treated Eva Smith. The theatre would bring out these opinions and feelings because the actors are much more interactive with the audience than in a film. The theatre, depending on the play encourages the audience to become involved. When the inspector enters, he treats the family with the respect a middle class family deserves, for example Thank you sir. Yes, sir. Only recently transferred and Id like some information, if you dont mind, Mr. Birling. This will make the audience think he is a typical inspector of the period, and greatly conceals what is to come. As the story progresses the inspector becomes more and more commanding, for example [massively taking charge] Allow me, Miss Birling. Cutting in] Isnt he used to drinking? and [cutting in, with authority] He must wait his turn. The audience may be a little startled by the tone the inspector is taking with the family, and may suspect an imposter as the Birlings do towards the end after being informed by Gerald. Personally I did not suspect the inspector being anything other than what he appeared as. For the actors who are playing major parts such as Birling and Inspector Goole remembering all the lines can be hard. People enjoy and prefer the theatre because they are seeing the actors at their best. In a film if an actor forgets his lines then that section can be cut and then another take can be filmed, however in a theatre there is no going back so the actors must be on top form. This is often a main reason for why people go to the theatre. As the play draws to an end the audience will realize that the inspector is some sort of phantom or voice of the familys conscience [Rather savagely, to Birling] you started it. But just remember this. You mean you stole the money? These are all good examples of the inspector prodding the consciences of the family. In fact most of the inspectors statements and questions are imposing, and reveal the guilty conscience of the family. I think J. B. Priestley intentionally made the inspector sound more commanding as the family became more guilty and conscious of what they had done. As the family became more nervous about what would happen to their reputation and got more scared their conscience got harsher on them. When the family becomes more unhappy and depressed I feel the audience would reflect the same feelings. This relates to what J. B. Priestley said- You cannot be happy when you are surrounded by people who are unhappy. J. B. Priestleys language is a mixture of the real at the beginning and the supernatural as the play draws to an end. When the family begins to realize they have all crossed paths with Eva Smith the element of supernatural is interlaced with the action. At this point the audience would find the actors extremely exciting to watch because this is when the plot thickens. The tense, thrilling portrayal of the characters situation is one of the main reasons to why people go to the theatre. I think the audience would be quick to pick up the mystical twist, however I feel the end is extremely unpredictable. This is a good style to use in writing and shows J. B. Priestleys skill in stagecraft because as the play progresses the audience will probably feel that what is to come is rather predictable, until the Birlings discover the inspector had disappeared. This part is extremely effective because it would leave the twist in the audiences mind long after the curtain falls. Birlings ambition to be a respected social role model, a prosperous businessman and to finally receive a knighthood for all of his hard work on behalf of the local council drives him to all extremes. His hopes for his business is to keep the wages he is paying his employees as low as possible so that he can hold competitive prices and gain as much profit as possible. Unfortunately Eva Smith was a strong willed young lady whom stood up for her rights and revolted against Birlings preposterous wages. This was not wise and due to Birlings headstrong outlook on life he refused her proposal for higher wages and had her sacked with the attitude that many women would give their right arm for her job. This careless attitude was what started Eva Smith off with her long line of failure and depression. Birlings ambition gets in the way of him being a good father and a traditional family man. This results in his family acting very dysfunctional. The audience would gain the impression from his pompous, selfish attitude that he is an extremely disrespectful, bitter and poor father. One of the messages of the story is that private behaviour can have public consequences. The audience would notice that the familys horrible, disrespectful behaviour drove Eva Smith to suicide. Each member knew nothing of each others involvement with the victim until their conscience pricked them. They realized their reputation would be damaged after they received the phone call off the genuine police officer. I feel J. B. Priestley intended this message to be conveyed so that the upper and middle classes would pay more consideration to others and be more careful not to affect anyone as Eva Smith was. This message can be portrayed on stage because the emotion is happening there and then and is not recorded as in films. I believe J. B. Priestley wrote An Inspector Calls to make a plea for a change in human nature and society. By basing the story around a snobbish middle class family, Priestley was allowed to go to great lengths in making the family sound purposely abrupt and disrespectful to others. They sometimes went too far in their blatant disregard for others, however this was intentional by Priestley because no other characters could be too shallow or obnoxious to enforce his point that people are fast becoming unsociable. Priestley uses the inspector to convey his messages. When the inspector says Youre offering money at the wrong time. This was Priestleys way in saying that once you make a mistake and recognize what you have done wrong, you should try to put matters straight before the chance is lost, as with Birling. J. B. Priestleys play presents the audience with a fascinating study of guilt and innocence, and prejudice and hypocrisy. The sharply-defined characters of the Birling family and Gerald Croft, the enigmatic and puzzling figure of Inspector Goole and the shadowy figure in the background of Eva Smith would never fail to engage the audience and make them realize that peoples standards need to be improved before it is too late. Sheila and Eric are obviously much more shocked by the part they played in Eva Smiths suicide than the rest of the family. J. B. Priestley may have purposely highlighted the two younger characters in the play to convey his point that the younger generation must try to be apply a more moralistic and civil attitude to life as Sheila and Eric did towards the end, otherwise the future that lies ahead is going to be quite disenchanting. This is meant to appeal to the younger or more optimistic members of the audience. The hidden message might also be interpreted differently. The audience may feel that the play reflects a brighter future for the younger generation. The message is also another sign of J. B. Priestleys skill in writing for it deals with a serious matter involving the future generation. J. B. Priestley wrote the play in 1945, however the play is set in the year 1912. In my opinion I think he could see that the youth had changed since 1912 and maybe wanted to show how different Sheila and Eric were in 1912 compared to the youth in the year the play was written. This message would also apply to the youth of today. At the beginning of An Inspector Calls, Birling is as usual giving his opinion of where Britain is heading. And were in for a time of steadily increasing prosperity. He feels Britain is heading for a period of relative social and economic stability. Little does he know, Britain was about to be launched into world war one. It is ironic that the audience knows what is to happen to the country before any of the characters do. This makes the play almost comical in stages because Birling is constantly enforcing his views on future prosperity and likes to believe he is right when in fact the audience knows he will soon be sinking into recession. The good thing about telling a story that is set before a major event such as world war one is that the audience is instantly given extra background information on the surroundings in which the story is set. I find this would help because people genuinely respond better to subjects they already know a little about. So the audience would be able to immerse themselves into the play more easily. The play seems to suggest that the lower classes will never succeed when coming up against bigger fish. This refers to how Eva Smith was treated by all the members in the Birling family and Gerald Croft. She was sacked due to Birling and Sheila. She was used by Eric and turned away in her hour of need by Mrs. Birling. Gerald also used her for his mistress and even though he had sincere feelings for her, she still knew they could never continue their relationship due to the circumstances so this also contributed to messing up her life. Once the audience had seen the way Eva Smith had been treated they would have felt very bitter towards the Birlings and Gerald and incredibly sorry for Eva Smith who had had her life torn apart. This would have made the audience feel sad for Eva and maybe for Sheila and Eric who had recognized what they had done wrong and shown genuine guilt because of it. The end of the play where most of the characters were either feeling sorry for themselves or miserable about what they had done would reflect on the audience and they would also feel quite upset by the whole scenario. This backs up J. B. Priestleys statement You cannot be happy when you are surrounded by people who are unhappy.

Business organization filed Experience... paper #1 Essay

Business organization filed Experience... paper #1 - Essay Example The presentation was about its new investments, research and development and oil production and aims to invite investors in its new undertaking. I observed the meeting was highly organized as each guest was prompted to their designated seats. They were attentive and courteous in raising questions after the speaker presented their topic. Three presenters attended to the presentation. The first presenter tackled the overview, history of the company, its present financial position, and its prospects for future investments. Second speaker talked about the scenario of oil production to be done by the company, and the third speaker discussed marketing programs and investments. For clearer view and understanding, presentation was done through power point. A moderator was assigned for the smooth flow of questions and answers The company aims to inform stakeholders about the Dornan’s new venture and encourage investors to invest on it, the oil production. Target markets are investors and corporations who may wish to co-produce or invest on the company. Dorman Products, Inc. is entering a new kind of business field that is different from its present line of business. It has undergone research and development study, and Dorman Products, Inc. believe they are now ready for oil production. . Dormant is a dealer of automotive part for many years, and turning to be an oil producing company is new to the company. Being a business student and a neophyte, the experience exposed me to real life situation of how conferences, and business presentations are done. My experience put to life all theories I have read in books. I learned the process of how shifts in businesses structures are done. I got curious in the investment side of the presentation as it gave me an idea how to do business, the attraction of a corporation, and gave me an idea of business expansion and risks that go into it. No, I was not able to contribute to the event,

Characteristics of a True Hero Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Characteristics of a True Hero - Essay Example This depiction of a hero is only a myth, in reality, a hero is an individual who has abundant amount of strength that is physical as well as emotional in nature, who is brave enough to put his own life at stake for the wellbeing of others, has the ability to stand against pain and is very humble in nature. In movies, several heroes such as the superman, batman and the ironman have been depicted saving the world and human beings tend to acknowledge these heroes with appreciation (Oropeza 5). In the real world there are several heroes around human beings, but they are simply ignored and their importance is never realized. Body Heroes come in all shapes and sizes and they represent different professions, even a common man and a simple man can even be a hero. An individual is not born as a hero; he develops into a hero as his life basses on. People such as cops, fighters of fire, military officials, lawyers and well as doctors can even be regarded as heroes if they exhibit characteristic s of a true hero and if they make the lives of other human beings better through their fearless nature and valor (Jackson 81). An arm official fighting on the border does not fight because he is a psychopath who has an eye for killing other individuals; his main purpose of fighting is the wellbeing and safeguard of the people of the nation he is representing. Both the cops as well as firefighter have repeatedly risked their lives to ensure that the people of their society are safe. Individuals who are on death bed and experiencing tremendous amount of pain due to their health condition and are still fighting against their health diseases without taking up mercy killing as an option to relief pain are heroes (Walsh 1). The most important characteristic that an individual requires to be recognized as a hero is bravery. Heroes have a special condition called bravery because they stand against their darkest fears and are courageous enough to continue fighting even if they fear that thei r attempts may fail. Heroes tend to be determined in nature, they never back down and continue to fight even if they fail during attempts (Rabieh 163). A hero is a person who makes several moves before he finally achieves what he started working out for. This is because attempts to perform a heroic act can fail again and again, but a true hero is one who continues to keep attempting to win even though previous attempts may have failed. A true hero is one who is dedicated to a particular cause and he is dedicated towards that cause in order to protect the interest of others and not to protect his own interest (Mosse 52). He believes that he has a higher purpose and continues to operate to attain that particular purpose. For example Martin Luther King Jr. was a brave hero who stood against slavery at the time when black Americans were suppressed and being killed for standing against the whites. He was an individual who believed in attaining rights for the blacks in a non-violent manne r and continued to make public speeches and led non-violent marches for over 2,500 times in order to help the black Americans attain their right of voting, equal opportunity and civil rights (Moral Heroes 1). He continued to march and use non-violent measures to protest even though his marches were strongly condemned by the police who tried to stop him by arresting him. He was a believer of non-violent methods of protest and he believed that violent measures were wrong and cannot be used to stand against wrong doings. A hero is one who scores high in endurance and who does not give up

1984 George Orwell Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

1984 George Orwell - Essay Example All privacy of the people is done away with. An individual cannot express, he is part of the collective conformity. Each citizen is required to be a loyal follower of the government. Physical and emotional tortures are the accepted procedures to achieve the reformation goals. The supreme leader eliminates the fundamental rights and freedom of expression of the citizens. They are like the dumb, driven cattle. Since each movement is monitored, people are afraid to exhibit even emotions. Human nature is suppressed. Youth is taught to rebel against the parents. "It was almost normal for people over thirty to be frightened of their own children." (Orwell n. d.) They are afraid of their shadows! Newspeak relates to domination of the thought process where in the State will command it in totality, with no scope for the opinion of others. It will remove all shades of meanings from the language that which is not conducive to the philosophy of the state. Thus, the vocabulary gets reduced every year and the words like rebellion, freedom etc., will vanish from the dictionary of the totalitarian state. The processes of destruction of words begin with the introduction and use of Newspeak to give a blow to logical thinking with a deliberate scheme to oppress the freedom-loving speakers. Its negative connotation is its ‘beauty.’ The government’s main aim is to know what is going on in the minds of the people, and telescreens are installed to watch their moves. News about false hopes is broadcasted. The tools like newspaper, print media and speakers give information, not truth, and what is convenient from the government point of view. Psychological principles are used to brainwash the people and to secure their commitment to the philosophy of the party. For example, they apply electrical shocks to subdue and weaken the spirit of Winston. The constant supervision makes the citizens the virtual prisoners in their daily lives in Oceania.

Comparison Of Memory Models Psychology Essay

Comparison Of Memory Models Psychology Essay This assignment is going to compare the multi-store model Atkinson and shiffrins (1968) and levels of processing Craik and Lockhart (1972) there is evidence to support both theories and evidence against. The essay will firstly describe the multi-store model with several studies including Baddeley (1966) Peterson and Peterson (1959) and then a brief description of the levels of processing model with Craik and Tulvings(1971) and Tyler et al (1979) studies then will end with an evaluation of both models The multi-store model was the first theory of its kind, it was created to study the way memory is processed, and how we retain and store information and why some information stays with us for all our life and other information is lost. Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968) believed that when we attend to information it then goes into different stores and this determines whether the information gets encoded into our long term memory or short term memory. (Grahame Hill 2001) So firstly when information goes into our sensory store (sensory store meaning anything we touch, see , smell or hear) we have a couple of seconds to attend to the information if not the information will be lost forever but if attended to then it will become encoded into our short term memory . However even when information is in our short term memory if its not rehearsed then it can still be displaced but if rehearsal has taken place then its more likely to be stored in our long term memory The Baddeley( 1966 ) study supports the multi-store model, he set out to achieve information on weather encoding in short term memory was acoustic or semantic. He gave his subjects a list of four letter words. The lists were acoustically similar and dissimilar and semantically similar and dissimilar. He then read out the words four times, immediately after the subjects was given a list containing all the words he had read out but in the wrong order their task was to rearrange the words back into the correct order this was to test the short term memory His participants that had been given acoustically similar had worst recall with only 10% of recall of words being in the correct order and the rest of the lists got a 60% to 80% recall so therefore short term memory has better acoustic encoding memories. So this study supports the multi-store that we have a short term memory store. Overall the outcome is that multi-store model is the basic explanation of memory and is very simplistic and Baddeleys theory suggest that the short term memory is more complex.( Barbara woods 2004) Peterson and Peterson (1959 ) is also another theory that supports Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968 ) multi-store model regarding short term memory their experiment tested the duration of short term memory. They gathered a number of subjects and shown them nonsense trigrams ( ptr, rtw) they tested recall after three second intervals and then tested recall after eighteen second intervals. This was to demonstrate if the information got encoded into their sensory store or short term memory.( wwwcom) Their finding was that the subjects got a greater recall 90% on the three second interval and only 2% on the eighteen second interval. This proved that we have a poor memories when we dont have a verbal rehearsal which agrees with Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968 ) theory that you have to rehearse information for it to be encoded into our memory stores Also there is Craik and Lockharts (1968) model that suggests that rehearsal is not the only form of memory and that its more complex so they studied the depths of processing. This proved once again that the multi store model was too simplistic. (Richard gross and Geoff rolls 2003) The multi-store model explanation is basic and it only explains encoding, storage and retrieval. Its a very simplistic theory that other physiologists have elaborated on. Baddeleys ( 1966) theory supported the multi-store model that we have two separate memory stores short term and long term. The multi-store model does not explain why we can remember information in our short term memory that we have not rehearsed. Levels of processing Levels of processing was created as an alternative that challenged Atkinson and shiffrins multi-store model Craik and Lockhart (1971) argued that rehearsal alone could not explain how people stored information in their long term memory, so they set out to prove that information is more memorable when its more meaningful. Craik and Lockhart (1971) believed that it was down to how a person processed this information; the deeper it gets imbedded then more chance that it will get encoded into the long term memory and that they was three types of proceeding Organisation, Distinctiveness and elaboration. To prove this they did an experiment. (Richard gross and Geoff rolls 2003) Craik and Tulving(1971) gathered a number of subjects together and shown them a list of 5 letter nouns and then asked questions about the words. Questions was in three different styles case rhyme and sentence questions, case question; would be is the word in capitals, rhyme question; does the word hat rhyme with the word and lastly sentence question; would the word hat fit into the sentence; the .. Is down the street. The subjects could only answer yes or no to the questions. Craik and Tulving (1971) then studied the findings, review the answers that the subjects have given to find out which has the greater recall so there for a deeper level of processing (Grahame hill 2001) (Richard gross and Geoff Rolls 2003) Their findings was in favour of sentence questions which falls under semantic processing with the subjects remembering 70% of the words so semantic processing has a better recall then rhyme question which is phonemic processing with the subjects remembering 35% of the words for recall and shallow processing the least with only 15% of the words being recalled. So shallow processing takes less thinking about and as a result the information will be less likely to be stored in your long term memory. Phonemic the subjects had to think a bit more about the answer, so some of the information got in encoded and semantic was the best overall due to the fact that the subjects had to think even more so the information got encoded deeper so had the best recall. (Nicky Hayes and sue Orrel 193l) Their are other studies that have been created that have agreed and disagreed with Craik Lockhart(1971) theory that its all down to the depth of processing to which you get recall . a theory that disagreed with the theory was Tyler et al (1979) He did an experimental study which involved anagrams. two sets. One difficult example rtoodc and one easy example doctro. Now if Craik and Lockharts theory was to be proven right the subjects should have come up with the same result as its the same word so the depth of the encoding should be the same, so recall should be the same. The subjects got better recall with the harder anagram which suggests that the more time you pay and effort will get a better recall. Levels of processing takes into account the effects of processing not just rehearsal and elaborates on deeper processing, organisation, distinctiveness and elaboration. Levels of processing gives us ways to improve memory finding information that is distinct. An argument against this theory is who defines what deep processing is? Plus if semantic processing produces better recall therefore semantic processing must be deeper leading to better recall so its a circular argument. Memory is a complex system with a vast amount of other psychologists undertaking studies to try and find an insight into how we remember information. The multi-store model even thou its a very basic and simplistic it was a great first attempt at understanding memory and gave future psychologists somewhere to start from. Atkinson and Shiffrins (1978) model does not explain why some information does not need rehearsal but still gets encoded into our memory. However even when rehearsal has taken place, its not always enough to transfer the information from short term to long term memory store. Although with levels of processing the model is more descriptive and looks into the different types of processing. But the model does not explain why these different types of processing lead to better recall. Craik and Lockharts (1972) theory also assumes that semantic processing is deeper then phonemic but there is no evidence to prove this. Therefore both models have weaknesses and both have evidence that supports and backs up the models. The multi-store model is always going to be the basic theory that other psychologists elaborate on and therefore this assignment is more in favour of the multi-store model then levels of processing due to the fact that there is more evidence to support that there is different memory stores and that when we receive information it then gets encoded and if rehearsed there is a chance that the information will then be stored into our short term or long term memory store.